asphalt

How Long Does It Take for Asphalt to Cure and Dry?

Asphalt doesn’t dry in the traditional sense—it hardens as it cools. The process begins with asphalt oil, heated to over 300 degrees until it liquefies. Once applied to the surface at these high temperatures, the asphalt is compacted, and the cooling process begins. As it cools, the material hardens into the durable surface we rely on for roads, parking lots, and driveways.

The curing time is heavily influenced by ambient temperatures. On hot days, asphalt takes longer to cool and harden, while cooler conditions speed up the process. Understanding this difference is crucial for planning your paving projects, especially in fluctuating weather conditions.

What Is Asphalt, and How Is It Commonly Used?

Asphalt is a composite material made from a blend of bitumen, aggregate, and sand. This versatile substance is used in a variety of commercial applications, including:

  • Parking lots: Providing a smooth, durable surface for vehicles.
  • Walkways: Ensuring safe and accessible pathways for pedestrians.
  • Loading zones: Supporting the weight of heavy trucks and equipment.
  • Athletic courts and recreational areas: Offering a resilient and cost-effective foundation.

The flexibility and strength of asphalt make it a reliable choice for businesses that need a surface that can withstand high traffic and challenging weather conditions.

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How Long Does Asphalt Take to Cure?

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Whether you’re upgrading an existing parking lot or starting from scratch, asphalt is a top choice for enhancing your commercial property’s curb appeal. It’s a durable, cost-effective, and flexible paving solution with a sleek black finish. However, proper asphalt installation is crucial for a functional, long-lasting surface. So, how long does asphalt take to harden? Well, a couple of things factor into that.

Technically, asphalt doesn’t dry – it hardens and stabilizes as the material cools in temperature versus “drying” in the traditional sense. The time it takes to cool and harden enough to support traffic depends on the type of binder used, as well as environmental factors. Asphalt binder, also known as cement or bitumen, is thermoplastic, meaning it hardens as its temperature decreases. The performance grade (PG) of the asphalt binder determines its temperature range. For instance, a binder graded as PG 64-22 is designed to perform without damage between 64°C (147°F) and -22°C (-8°F). For most commercial projects, asphalt can support light traffic once its internal temperature drops below 64°C (147°F), which many refer to as being “dry.” The time it takes to reach the appropriate temperature varies depending on many factors.

What factors affect asphalt curing time?

The time it takes for asphalt to cool and stabilize where it’s accessible to traffic and use depends on the following:

  • Asphalt Composition: The type of binder and additives used in the mix directly influence the rate at which asphalt cools and hardens. For instance, stiffer binders are typically used in hotter climates.
  • Geographical location: Regional climate determines the appropriate PG binder needed. For example, environmental factors will be different in Kansas City, Missouri, than in Orlando, Florida’s hotter and more humid climate.
  • Cessation Temperature: This is the asphalt’s internal temperature at which construction operations must cease to prevent damage to the asphalt. Typically, cessation temperatures range from 175°F to 180°F (80°C to 82°C). 
  • Ambient Temperature: Cooler ambient air accelerates asphalt cooling, while hotter weather slows the process. Wind and shade can also influence the rate of heat dissipation from the surface.
  • Asphalt Thickness: Thicker layers take longer to cool because the heat is retained deeper in the material (in the center). For instance, a two-inch lift may stabilize much faster, while thicker layers could take twice as long.

Why is it important for asphalt to properly stabilize before use?

Allowing asphalt to stabilize properly is essential for preserving its durability and appearance. Using asphalt before it has reached the appropriate temperature can lead to a host of issues, including:

  • Surface Damage: Premature traffic can cause indentations, scuff marks, or cracks.
  • Compromised Strength: Asphalt that hasn’t sufficiently stabilized is less stable and may not support heavy loads effectively.
  • Increased Maintenance Costs: Early damage often results in expensive repairs or resurfacing.

Asphalt that has fully stabilized provides a strong foundation for years of use. Once the asphalt cools below 100 degrees—which typically happens the same day in cooler weather or overnight during the heat of summer—it is safe for both walking and driving. While we generally recommend keeping traffic off fresh asphalt until the following day to ensure optimal durability, there are instances where we can open the surface for use on the same day if conditions allow. 

Working with a professional asphalt contractor can help you properly plan your installation and curing time. At McConnell & Associates (MAC), we work with you to plan your installation and avoid disrupting your business any more than we have to. 

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What Does It Mean for Asphalt to Cure?

Curing refers to a longer chemical process where a material reaches its maximum hardness and durability. Asphalt is an organic material that reacts to oxygen when exposed to elements like air and water. This natural process, known as oxidation, gradually alters the asphalt’s structure and composition over time.

During curing, the oils in the asphalt oxidize, helping the molecules bond more tightly. This transformation strengthens the asphalt, making it capable of withstanding heavy loads, temperature fluctuations, and long-term wear. Proper curing and sealcoating is essential for a high-performance surface that resists cracking and maintains its appearance over time.

How long does asphalt take to cure?

Asphalt curing time typically ranges from 6 to 12 months, depending on factors like climate, traffic volume, and the type of asphalt mix used. While newly laid asphalt can be walked or driven on once it reaches the proper temperature, curing is a gradual process that continues even after the surface is in use. 

The oxidation of the excess oils in asphalt causes its color to lighten from black to gray. This change signals that the material has reached its fully cured state. 

While oxidation makes the material stiffer and more durable, as it ages, it also increases its brittleness, leaving it more susceptible to cracking. Proper maintenance, such as sealcoating, can help slow this process and protect the surface from premature wear and damage.

Tips for protecting your new parking lot during curing

Even though your asphalt lot may be stable enough for traffic after a few days to a week, careful maintenance during the curing phase is essential to prevent damage:

  • Avoid Heavy Loads: Limit the use of large trucks or heavy equipment on new asphalt, as it may still be vulnerable to indentation and deformation during curing.
  • Prevent Spills: Oil, gasoline, and other chemicals can weaken new asphalt. Address spills immediately to avoid permanent damage.
  • Protect the Edges: The edges of asphalt are naturally more fragile. Keep vehicles and equipment away from these areas to prevent crumbling or cracking.
  • Ensure Proper Drainage: Asphalt is naturally porous, but standing water can seep into asphalt, causing deterioration. Make sure your parking lot is able to drain properly to avoid problems while the asphalt is curing.
  • Apply a Sealcoat: Sealcoating your new pavement adds a protective layer that can reduce or slow the oxidation process to prevent cracking and damage. 

What Is Sealcoating and How Does It Protect Asphalt?

Sealcoating is a process where a protective layer is applied to the asphalt surface, shielding it from damaging elements like UV rays, snow, rain, and automotive fluids. This layer helps to:

  • Prevent cracks by reducing the evaporation of essential oils (oxidation).
  • Protect against brittleness as the asphalt ages and continues to oxidate.
  • Enhance the surface’s appearance with a smooth, black finish.
  • Accelerate snow and ice melting during winter months, reducing damage from freeze-thaw cycles.

Regular sealcoating is a cost-effective way to extend the life of your parking lot, ensuring it remains durable and visually appealing for years. Click to learn more about sealcoating and why it is important.

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When should you seal your new asphalt parking lot?

Fresh asphalt needs time to cure before a sealer can be applied. The asphalt needs to have oxidized some before the sealcoat can be applied. On the other hand, waiting too long can lead to premature cracking. Generally, sealcoating should be applied 30 to 90 days after installation.

After you seal your new parking lot, reapplication is recommended every three to five years, depending on the level of traffic and overall condition of the asphalt. It’s important to note that prior to sealcoating, any necessary repairs should be completed to ensure the sealcoat adheres properly.

Working with an experienced asphalt contractor is your best bet for ensuring proper installation and sealcoating to minimize disruptions to your business. MAC’s expert team will evaluate your asphalt to determine the ideal timing for sealcoating, helping you protect your investment. 

Signs It’s Time for a New Parking Lot vs. Resurfacing

Knowing when to repair, resurface, or replace your asphalt parking lot can be tricky for businesses looking to watch their operating costs. A new parking lot can be a big investment, and it may seem easier to keep up with repairs. However, if you’ve already made multiple patches and touch-ups, it might be a good idea to look at the long-term costs of repairs. Also, if your parking lot is getting a lot of traffic, it can be better to install a new lot that can handle heavier trucks and vehicles. Another consideration is your business’s curb appeal. Your parking lot makes a first impression. Run-down and worn lots are not only unsafe but could also turn your customers away.

Here are some tell-tell signs that can help you decide what’s best for your asphalt parking lot.

Resurfacing is Ideal When:

  • The asphalt is structurally sound but shows surface-level wear, such as minor cracks or fading.
  • Drainage is functioning well, with no signs of water pooling.

Replacement is Necessary When:

  • Deep cracks, potholes, or crumbling edges indicate structural failure.
  • The cost of frequent repairs exceeds the cost of installing a new lot.
  • Increased traffic or heavy loads require a more robust surface.

When Is the Best Time to Install Asphalt Pavement?

Most parking lots in the Midwest are installed in late spring through early fall when the temperatures are ideal for proper curing. Rain and extreme weather conditions can complicate the process, so flexibility is important when scheduling your new asphalt parking lot. Every year new advances in technology allow us to offer more options to accommodate installations during other seasons. MAC’s team of experienced asphalt contractors works with you to identify the best installation window.

McConnell & Associates: Your Trusted Asphalt Contractor in Kansas City

At McConnell & Associates, we understand that a new parking lot is an investment in your business’s image and functionality. For over 50 years, we’ve been Kansas City’s number one choice for premium asphalt, concrete, and pavement solutions. As one of the most experienced asphalt contractors in the Midwest, we combine deep knowledge of the region’s climate, soil, and community to help you get the highest-quality parking lot for your business.

We take pride in being a trusted partner to our clients, ensuring satisfaction at every step of the process. Our team works closely with you to deliver exceptional service and craftsmanship.

Contact McConnell & Associates today to speak with one of our specialists about how we can help you.

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